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afrol News, 5 November - According to a United Nations experts' panel, the arms embargo on Liberia is evaded by several countries. It presents evidence weapons have been shipped illegally to Liberia. The US-based Human Rights Watch today demanded the UN Security Council "must enforce the international arms embargo on Liberia." A new U.N. report, prepared by an independent panel of experts and scheduled for discussion at the Security Council today, documents many cases of illegal arms shipments to Liberia in the past eighteen months. - The arms flows into Liberia make a mockery of UN sanctions, said Joost Hiltermann, executive director of the Arms Division of Human Rights Watch. "These weapons fuel brutal wars and feed regional instability-with terrible consequences for human rights." The Liberia arms embargo was first imposed in 1992 and tightened in March 2001 to curb arms trafficking via Liberia to the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) rebels in Sierra Leone, who are also subject to a U.N. embargo. There has been progress toward disarmament in Sierra Leone, but fighting continues on the border between Guinea and Liberia. The new UN report, which presents detailed information and documentary evidence, reveals that the weapons shipped illegally to Liberia-comprising ammunition, small arms, and helicopter spare parts-came from Ukraine, Slovakia, and Kyrgyzstan, respectively. Two shipments of helicopter gunships, one from Kyrgyzstan via Slovakia and another from Moldova, were halted at the last moment. Planned shipments of massive quantities of small arms from Ukraine were also interrupted. All of the weapons were sold on the basis of counterfeit documents provided by arms brokers, according to the human rights group. These documents, called end-user certificates, falsely declared the weapons were intended for another country, in most cases Guinea. In at least one case, a regional ally knowingly provided false cover for illegal arms shipments to Liberia. The arms-trafficking networks of two well-known arms dealers also used fraud to conceal the operations of the front companies and airlines involved in the Liberia shipments. The pattern echoed what earlier UN investigations, as well as research by Human Rights Watch, had uncovered in Angola and Sierra Leone. According to the UN report, not one of the exporting countries' governments checked to see if Guinea, the purported end-user, had actually requested the weapons. - Arms export controls in central and eastern Europe are a disgrace, said Hiltermann. "That makes it easy for arms traffickers to get away with their deadly trade." He urged that arms-exporting governments and multilateral institutions such as the European Union and NATO do more to curb irresponsible arms trading in the region. Human Rights Watch called on the Security Council to urgently implement the following key recommendations contained in the Liberia panel's report:
Sources: Based on HRW, UN sources and afrol archives
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